Egyptian Mythology (Simplified)

Main Beliefs

• Egyptians believed in many gods and goddesses (polytheism).
• Each god controlled parts of nature or life — like the sun, the Nile, or death.
• Gods could appear as humans, animals, or both.
• Living a good life meant eternal peace in the afterlife.
• The Pharaoh was seen as a living god.

Major Gods and Goddesses

• Ra – Sun god and creator of life.
• Osiris – God of the afterlife and resurrection.
• Isis – Goddess of magic and motherhood.
• Horus – Sky god; symbol of kingship and protection.
• Anubis – God of mummification and funerals.
• Thoth – God of wisdom and writing.
• Set – God of chaos and storms.
• Ma’at – Goddess of truth and balance.

The Osiris and Isis Story

• Osiris ruled Egypt wisely.
• His brother Set became jealous and killed him.
• Isis reassembled and revived Osiris with magic.
• Their son Horus fought Set and became king.
• Osiris became god of the underworld.

The Afterlife

• Souls were judged after death in the Weighing of the Heart.
• A pure heart (light as a feather) meant eternal life.
• A heavy heart (full of evil) was eaten by Ammit.

Symbols and Sacred Beliefs

• Ankh – Symbol of life.
• Eye of Horus – Protection and healing.
• Scarab Beetle – Rebirth and the rising sun.
• Cats – Sacred to Bastet, goddess of home and fertility.